Abstract Areas of high concentration of seal carcasses have been observed in localized areas of James Ross Island, Antarctica. Such carcasses show an unusual vegetation development, in a semi-arid area with bare soils under intense winds, high salinity and sandy texture. We investigated carcasses of seals around a lake in James Ross Island, with four different stages of decomposition, with three replicates: Seal (S01), with recently mummified carcasses; S02, with partially degraded carcasses; S03, with broken carcasses with partially degraded exposed bones, and S04, with completely broken, scattered skeletons. The vegetation showed a maximum degree of development in carcasses at stages S02 and S03, with the environment between the skin and the skeleton as the preferred place for vegetation establishment. The chemical alteration was greater with increasing carcass decomposition but reduced with the spreading and final decomposition of the bones, with anomalous values observed only in the vicinity of the carcasses. It is concluded that the presence of carcasses of seals, concentrated in wet places, even in a semi-desert climate, represent important oases of nutrients, with a combination of physical and chemical effects throughout the decomposition process that favor plant establishment and succession.

Abstract This study aims to investigate the glacier shrinkage and recent proglacial environment in King George Bay, Antarctica, since 1988 in response to climate change. Remote sensing data (SPOT, Sentinel, Landsat and Planet Scope images) were applied to glacial landforms and ice-marginal fluctuations mapping. Annual mean near-surface air temperature reanalysis solutions from ERA-Interim were analyzed. Moraines and glaciofluvial landforms were identified. The Ana Northern Glacier has the highest retreat value (3.64 km) (and area loss of 31%) in response to higher depth in frontal ice-margin and reveal ocean-glacier linkages. The Ana South Glacier changed from a tidewater glacier to land-terminating after 1995, and had an outline minimum elevation variation of 89 meters, a shrinkage of 0.63 km, and a new proglacial subaerial sector. The Ana South Glacier foreland had recessional moraines (probably formed between 1995 and 2022), lagoons, and lakes. There are many flutings in low-relief environments. The 1980-1989, 1990-1999, 2000-2009, 2010-2019 anomaly plots concerning to the 1980-2019 average for atmospheric temperature, are shown to be a driver of the local glacial trends.

Abstract Understanding the influence of soil-forming factors and processes in ornithogenic soils is important to predict impacts of climate change on Antarctic ecosystems. Herein, we analyzed the soil-landscape interplays and development of ornithogenic soils at Harmony Point (HP), Nelson Island. We collected, described, and classified 24 soil profiles, combined with vegetation and landforms descriptions. Geoprocessing techniques were employed for mapping. Soil physical, chemical, geochemical, and mineralogical analyses were applied. Patterned ground, “Ornithogenic”/Typic Gelorthent, and moss carpets were the dominant landform, soil and vegetation classes, respectively. Soils from rocky outcrops were more structured, acidic, with higher organic carbon, organometallic complexes, and secondary phosphate minerals, due to former bird influence. Soils from cryoplanated platforms presented higher water pH, base saturation, clay content, and secondary silicate minerals. Soils from marine terraces presented high exchangeable bases, phosphorous, and amorphous phosphate minerals. Soil chemical weathering is enhanced by ornithogenesis and widespread in HP. Besides ornithogenesis, organic matter accumulation, cryoturbation, and cryoclastic processes are also important to pedogenesis of ornithogenic soils. The soils of the cryoplanated platforms exhibited a gradient of pedogenetic development corresponding to increasing biota influence and distance from glacier. In contrast, soils of rocky outcrops were more developed even close to the glacier, due to ornithogenesis.

Abstract Sulfurization is a pedogenic process that involves pyrite oxidation and strong soil acidification, accounting for the formation of acid sulfate soils. In Antarctica, acid sulfate soils are related to specific parent materials, such as sulfide-bearing andesites in Maritime Antarctica and pyritized sedimentary rocks in James Ross Archipelago. The hypothesis is that the acid sulfate soils of these regions vary according with a climate gradient. The reviewing of current data showed that the acid sulfate soils of warmer and wetter Maritime Antarctica have a greater weathering degree, higher acidity, leaching, phosphorus adsorption capacity, structural development, and well-crystallized iron oxides and kaolinite formation. On the other hand, the sulfurization at the drier region of James Ross Archipelago is counterbalanced by the semiaridity, resulting in lower acidity and higher base contents combined with little morphological and mineralogical evolution besides presence of weatherable minerals in the clay fraction. The sulfurization process interplays with other pedogenic processes, such as the phosphatization in Maritime Antarctica and salinization in James Ross Archipelago. Higher temperatures and soil moisture enhance the pedogenesis, showing that even the Antarctic sulfate soils, which originated from specific parent materials, have their development and characteristics controlled by a clear climatic gradient.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate in-vivo degradation of two bioabsorbable interference screws. Methods: Twenty-two crossbred Santa Inês ewes were used. A poly-DL-lactide (PDLLA) screw (70%/30%) was inserted in the right pelvic limb, and a PDLLA screw (70%) + β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) (30%) in the left pelvic limb. Animals were euthanized at one, four, seven and a half and 18 months after surgery. Plain radiography, computed tomography (CT), microCT, and histological analysis were accomplished. Results: PDLLA screw was hypodense at all evaluation moments, but with progressive density increase along the central axis, whereas PDLLA/β-TCP was initially hyperdense and progressively lost this characteristic. No adverse reactions were observed on histological evaluation. Conclusions: The inclusion of β-TCP favors screw degradation since the PDLLA/β-TCP screws evidenced a more intense degradation process than the PDLLA screws at the last evaluation. PDLLA screws showed higher bone production, evident around the screw thread, inside the lateral perforations, and in the central canal, whereas the PDLLA/β-TCP screws presented less bone tissue at the implantation site.

RESUMO Brócolis (Brassica oleracea var. italica) é umas das principais hortaliças do mundo e apresenta importantes propriedades funcionais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar 19 genótipos de brócolis por meio de caracteres bioquímicos (teor de compostos fenólicos totais, flavonoides totais e atividade antioxidante) e marcadores moleculares do tipo AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism). O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação usando delineamento em blocos completos ao acaso com três repetições. Os dados fenotípicos foram submetidos à análise de variância (p≤0,05), agrupamento de média de Scott-Knott (p≤0,05) e análise de componentes principais (PCA). A partir dos dados moleculares, foram realizados os agrupamentos hierárquicos de Ward, agrupamento Bayesiano e análise de coordenadas principais (PCoA). Os dados moleculares indicaram diversidade genética entre os genótipos (três grupos), além de ampla variabilidade para o teor de compostos fenólicos totais, flavonoides totais e atividade antioxidante pelo método FRAP. Os genótipos HT3010, Hanabi e Bonanza apresentam características bioquímicas desejáveis aos consumidores exigentes em alimentos funcionais, além de serem genótipos promissores para serem explorados em programas de melhoramento da cultura.

ABSTRACT Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is one of the most important vegetables in the world and also shows important functional properties. The present study aimed to characterize 19 broccoli genotypes using biochemical traits (content of total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity) and AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) molecular markers. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using a complete randomized block design with three replicates. The phenotypic data were subjected to analysis of variance (p≤0.05), Scott-Knott average clustering method (p≤0.05) and principal component analysis (PCA). Using molecular data, Ward’s hierarchical clustering, Bayesian clustering and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) were performed. Molecular data showed genetic diversity among the genotypes (three groups), also a wide variability in the total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids content and antioxidant activity using FRAP method. HT3010, Hanabi and Bonanza genotypes showed desirable biochemical traits for the demanding functional food consumers, in addition to being promising genotypes to be exploited in plant breeding programs.

Abstract: A circular bead produced by a laser beam (CLW) is a method of joining superposed sheets by scanning circularly a laser beam. Among the various applications, it could be highlighted the welding of austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 sheets for heat exchangers. This work aims to report the effect of fiber laser CLW in tensile shear strength of superposed sheets as well as the corrosion behavior in relation to the process parameters. It was carried out circular beads using stainless steel AISI 304 sheets varying the laser power and speed. The samples were then submitted to optical and electronic microscopy, tensile-shear tests and electrochemical experiments. Among the experimental conditions, the weld sample with 800 W power and 50 mm/s speed presented an ultimate tensile strength of 159 MPa, 17% higher than the sample with the lowest result. The corrosion rate, corrosion and pitting potentials did not change significantly in the welded joint with different conditions compared to the base metal.

ABSTRACT Purpose To develop and validate a chest cavity simulator for teaching video-assited thoracic surgery (VATS). Methods The first phase of the study consisted of developing a chest cavity simulator. A quasi-experimental study was performed in the second phase, and 25 surgeons and residents participated in a three-stage pulmonary suture experiment. The videos were recorded and timed. Generalized linear regression models for repeated measures were used to analyze the outcome change over time. Results The chest cavity simulator consists of a console simulating the left hemithorax. Among the participants, 96% rated the design, visual aspect, positioning ergonomics, and triangulation of the portals as very good or excellent (face validity). There was a decrease in suturing time in step 1 from 435.7 ± 105 to 355.6 ± 76.8 seconds compared to step 3 (p = 0.001). The evaluation of the simulation effectiveness and performance (content validity) was rated as very good or excellent by 96% ofparticipants. The most experienced surgeon showed significant reduction in procedure time (p = 0.021) (construct validity). Conclusions The thoracic cavity simulator is realistic, showing content and construct validity, and can be used in VATS training. The simulation model allowed skill gain in the endoscopic suture.

RESUMO O objetivo do presente trabalho foi produzir e caracterizar um biomaterial na forma de esferas de quitosana/ Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (mastruz) a fim de associar características positivas de ambos materiais, a quitosana com potencial osteoindutor e o mastruz capacidade de regeneração óssea, formando biomaterial a ser utilizado na formação e regeneração óssea. A planta foi coletada, identificada botanicamente e obtido extrato alcoólico bruto de Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (EAB). Para produção das esferas de quitosana e quitosana com EAB utilizou-se a técnica de Gelificação Ionotrópica. As esferas foram divididas em três grupos: um grupo de quitosana pura, outro com concentração menor de EAB e o terceiro com a maior concentração de EAB. Estas foram caracterizadas por Microscopia Óptica (MO), Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) e análise do Grau de Intumescimento (GI). A MO evidenciou nas superfícies externa e interna, esferas com limites definidos e com mudança de cor à medida que o percentual do EAB foi aumentado, tornando-se mais escuras. A MEV revelou, em esferas de maior concentração, quando comparado as de menor concentração: uma diminuição no tamanho e aumento da quantidade e da intercomunicação dos poros, além da alteração do formato geométrico tanto das esferas quanto dos seus poros. Na análise do Grau de intumescimento não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos. Conclui-se que foi possível a produção de esferas de quitosana e quitosana/ Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (mastruz), que no grupo com maior percentual de EAB as amostras apresentaram-se mais escuras e com maior quantidade e intercomunicação dos poros e que embora tenha havido o intumescimento, não foi observada diferença significativa entre os grupos.

ABSTRACT The objective was to produce and characterize a biomaterial in the form of chitosan spheres/ Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (mastruz) in order to associate positive characteristics of both materials, chitosan with osteoinductive potential and the bone regeneration ability of mastruz, producing a biomaterial to use as bone former and regenarator. Plant specimens were collected, identified botanically and crude alcohol extract (CAE) were obtained. For the production of the chitosan and chitosan spheres with CAE, the Ionotrope Gellification technique was used. The spheres were divided into three groups: one example group of pure chitosan; a second example group with low CAE concentration and a third example group with a higher CAE concentration; and them characterized by Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and swelling degree (SD). OM showed on the external and internal surfaces, spheres with defined limits and with color changed as the percentage of CAE was increased, becoming darker. The SEM showed, in spheres with higher CAE concentration, in comparison with the ones with low CAE concentration: A decrease in size, increase in the quantity and intercommunication of the pores, and the alteration of the geometric shape of both the spheres and their pores. In the analysis of the swelling degree, there were no significant differences between the groups. It is possible to produce chitosan spheres / Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (mastruz) which in the group with the highest percentage of CAE the samples were darker and with higher amounts and intercommunication pores and that although there was swelling, no significant difference was observed between the groups.

Resumo O estudo de áreas queimadas serve como subsídio para os planos de controle e monitoramento do fogo nas unidades de conservação. Diante dos desafios de caracterização do comportamento espectral de áreas queimadas, este estudo objetivou aplicar o método de classificação orientada a objeto e avaliar a melhor performance do uso conjunto de índices espectrais para o mapeamento de área queimadas na Mata Atlântica do Sul da Bahia. Para tanto, foi realizada análise bitemporal entre 2014 e 2016, considerando a diferença de cada índice espectral entre duas imagens LANDSAT 8: pré e pós-fogo. A classificação orientada a objeto foi executada de maneira supervisionada e automatizada por meio de algoritmos de segmentação, classificação e otimização em ambiente SIG. A classe de intensidade de queimada fraca foi a mais expressiva, com 13,65% da área mapeada, enquanto a classe severa ocupou apenas 0,3%. As áreas queimadas apresentaram um aumento da reflectância na faixa do vermelho e do infravermelho médio e uma diminuição na faixa do infravermelho próximo. O ΔNBR foi o melhor discriminador de áreas queimadas e o conjunto ΔNBR, ΔNBR2, ΔNDMI, ΔSAVI, ΔNDVI, ΔGEMI e ΔMSAVI, apresentou o maior limiar de separação. A validação da classificação feita pelo coeficiente de concordância Kappa obteve um bom resultado (0,72). A seleção de variáveis mostrou-se eficiente na determinação do conjunto de índices espectrais de melhor performance para detecção das classes de queimadas, melhorando a acurácia da classificação e a confiabilidade dos resultados. A etapa de segmentação também se mostrou importante para a eficácia da classificação orientada a objeto, sendo influenciada diretamente pela resolução espacial da imagem.

Abstract The study of burned areas is used as a subsidy for fire control and monitoring in the protected areas. In face of the challenges of the spectral signature characterization of burned areas, this study aimed to apply the object-oriented classification method and to evaluate the performance of spectral indices subsets for mapping burned areas in the Atlantic Forest. For that, we performed a bitemporal analysis between 2014 and 2016, considering the difference of each spectral indices among two LANDSAT 8 images: pre-and post-fire. The object-oriented classification was performed automatically by segmentation, supervised classification and optimization algorithms in the GIS environment. The “weak” burn severity class was the most expressive, with 13.65% of the mapped area, while the “severe” burn severity class occupied 0.3%. The burned areas presented an increase of reflectance in the red and shortwave infrared bands and a decrease in the near infrared band. The ΔNBR was the best discriminator of burned area and the ΔNBR, ΔNBR2, ΔNDMI, ΔSAVI, ΔNDVI, ΔGEMI and ΔMSAVI set presented the highest separation threshold. The validation of the classification by the Kappa agreement coefficient obtained a good outcome (0.72). The selection of the variables showed efficiency in determining the spectral indices’ subset with the best performance for detecting the classes of burned areas, improving the classification accuracy and reliability. The segmentation was also important for the effectiveness of the object-oriented classification, being directly influenced by the image spatial resolution.

Abstract It was verified that SAE 4130 steel plates crack when laser beam welded at room temperature (RT). To overcome this problem, this work proposes a high temperature (HT) laser welding in order to reduce the residual stresses and create a bainitic structure instead of a martensitic one. A conventional post-welding heat treatment (PWHT) had been used as a comparison for HT. The centerline crack disappeared after a heat treatment of both in-situ (HT) or after inserting in a furnace (PWHT) at 500 °C for 10 minutes. The finite element analyses indicated a residual stress reduction from 163.70 to 3.72 MPa in the fusion zone (FZ) of the welds from RT to HT. The hardness obtained in FZ depends on the thermal cycle induced microstructure of the welds as 400 HV, 340 HV and 250 HV, for martensite (RT), tempered martensite (PWHT) and bainite (HT) micro-constituents. The proposed in-situ high-temperature laser beam welding method proved its usefulness to solve the center crack issue in SAE 4130 joints.

RESUMO Os polímeros, devido às suas diversas aplicações e funcionalidades, estão entre os excipientes mais utilizados para a obtenção de formas farmacêuticas, ganhando destaque a quitosana. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e avaliar comparativamente membranas de quitosana com diferentes concentrações da espécie vegetal Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E. Jarvis (insulina), para uso em sistema de liberação de fármaco. Foi realizada coleta, identificação botânica e obtenção do extrato alcoólico bruto (EAB) da planta. Para produção das membranas de quitosana e quitosana com EAB utilizou-se a técnica de evaporação do solvente. As membranas foram divididas nos grupos: MQ (Membrana de quitosana), MQ5 (Membrana de quitosana com 5% de EAB) e MQ20 (Membrana de quitosana com 20% de EAB), sendo as amostrascaracterizadas pelas técnicas de Microscopia Ótica (MO), Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), de Resistência à Tração e Citotoxicidade. Analisando macroscopicamente as membranas, evidenciou-se mudança de cor à medida que o percentual do EAB foi aumentado, tornando as amostras mais escuras. As análises de MO e MEV evidenciaram membranas com superfície lisa e regular. O ensaio mecânico de resistência à tração revelou diminuição na resistência à tensão quando acrescido 5% de EAB, e aumento desta com 20% de EAB. O teste de citotoxicidade mostrou que todas as amostras são viáveis para uso em sistemas biológicos. Logo, conclui-se que foi possível desenvolver membranas de quitosana com diferentes concentrações de EAB, e que o grupo MQ possui uma maior resistência à tensão em relação aos demais grupos.

ABSTRACT The polymers, due to their diverse applications and functionalities, are among the most used excipients to obtain pharmaceutical forms, with emphasis on chitosan. This study aimed to develop and evaluate comparatively membranes of chitosan to different concentrations of the plant species Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E. Jarvis (insulin), in order to use in a drug delivery system. It was realized data collection, botanical identification and the obtaining of the crude alcohol extract (CAE) of the plant. For the production of chitosan and crude alcohol extracted chitosan membrane, it is used the solvent evaporation technique. The membranes were divided into groups: CM (chitosan membrane), CM5 (5% of crude alcohol extracted chitosan membrane) e CM20 (20% of crude alcohol extracted chitosan membrane), being the samples characterized by the techniques of Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), of Tensile Strength and Cytotoxicity. Macroscopically analyzing the membranes revealed a change in color as the percentage of CAE increased, making the samples darker. The MO and SEM analyzes showed membranes with smooth and regular surface. The mechanical tensile strength test revealed a decrease in tensile strength when 5% of CAE was added and increased with 20% of CAE. The cytotoxicity test showed that all samples are viable for use in biological systems. Therefore, it was concluded that it was possible to develop chitosan membranes with different concentrations of CAE, and that the CM group has a higher resistance to tension in relation to the other groups.

ABSTRACT Stainless steel and copper alloys joints are often applied in aerospace, marine and power industries where both high thermal and electrical conductivity (Cu) and corrosion resistance (steel) are required. In the aerospace industry, in particular for the combustion chamber of rocket engines, copper and steel combinations offer perfect materials selection due to their combined high thermal conductivity and good stiffness. In this work, laser welds were produced with intensity between 3.8 × 104 and 5.7 × 104 W/mm2 and a heat input between 72 and 108 J/mm, giving an aspect ratio of 1.8. The microstructure of the weld beads was marked by chemical heterogeneities due to the phase separation between Cu and Fe in the liquid state. The phase separation gave rise to globular precipitates which further transform due to a secondary precipitation at temperatures below 1000 °C. The steel side part of the weld presents around 20% Cu, leading to a liquation of the grain boundaries and cracking at high heat inputs. The hardness values situated between both base materials and the tensile shear behavior, when the weld is sufficiently tough, present strength up to 350 MPa and elongation up to 10%.

Resumo A solda a laser de aços com plasticidade induzida por transformação (TRIP) são conhecidos por gerar martensita nas zonas de fusão (ZF) e afetadas pelo calor (ZAC). Para resolver este problema, o presente estudo propõe uma soldagem em alta temperatura (HT) para evitar a transformação abaixo da temperatura inicial de martensita após a soldagem a laser. Assim, um aquecimento indutivo foi usado para atingir 500 °C antes da solda a laser da classe 750 de aço TRIP sobreposto de 1,6 mm de espessura. Após a soldagem, a temperatura foi mantida constante a 500 °C por mais 10 minutos para austemperar. As microestruturas das soldas em alta temperatura são compostas por bainita e austenita residual com dureza na ZF de até 300 HV, contra 450 HV da solda em temperatura ambiente (AT). Os valores da dureza HT são ligeiramente superiores ao tratamento térmico tradicional pós-soldagem (TW), 300 HV em comparação com 250 HV, devido à cinética de têmpera em cada caso. Os testes de embutimento Erichsen mostraram que as amostras HT apresentam melhor conformabilidade em comparação com as condições AT ou TW. A presente contribuição destaca uma possível solução para a fragilidade intrínseca durante a conformação a frio do aço TRIP 750 soldados a laser através da aplicação de uma austempera indutiva in situ.

Abstract Laser welded Transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steels are known to generate martensite in the fusion (FZ) and the heat-affected (HAZ) zones. To solve this issue, the present study proposes a high temperature (HT) welding to avoid decay below the martensite start temperature after laser welding. Therefore, an inductive heating has been used to reach 500 °C before laser weld of superposed 1.6mm thick TRIP steel class 750. After welding the temperature was kept constant at 500 °C for more 10 minutes in order to austemper. The microstructures of the welds at high temperature are composed of bainite and residual austenite with an FZ hardness up to 300 HV, compared to 450 HV of the ambient temperature (AT) weld. The HT values of hardness are slightly higher than a traditional post-weld heat treatment (TW), 300 HV compared to 250 HV, because of the tempering kinetics in each case. Erichsen cup indentation tests shown the HT coupons presents better formability compared to the AT or TW conditions. The present contribution highlights a possible solution to the intrinsic brittleness during cold forming of laser welded TRIP 750 steel by applying an inductive in-situ austempering.

RESUMO O fogo é um dos principais problemas do bioma Mata Atlântica, mesmo em áreas protegidas, como as Unidades de Conservação (UCs). Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer o perfil dos incêndios florestais no Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro (PESB) e entorno, bem como suas respostas frente às variações ambientais. Para isto, foram analisadas as informações dos Registros de Ocorrências de Incêndios (ROIs) e suas inter-relações com os sistemas ambientais do PESB, por meio das análises dos planos espaciais (uso e cobertura do solo e relevo) e temporais (elementos climatológicos). De acordo com os resultados, 38% dos registros apresentaram as causas dos incêndios, destas, 77% foram identificadas como antrópicas. Analisando-se a área queimada, observou-se o maior número de ocorrências dentro da classe III (4,1 - 40,0 ha). A vegetação herbácea, por conta de suas características favoráveis, foi a mais atingida. O relevo também influenciou as ocorrências, a declividade, exposição das vertentes e altitude participaram significativamente do regime de incêndios no parque. A atividade antrópica mostrou sua influência com o aumento do tamanho da área queimada nas proximidades de vias de acesso (trilhas e estradas). Já o clima controlou a disposição temporal das ocorrências, no qual períodos de menor umidade relativa do ar tornaram os meses de agosto e setembro como os pertencentes à estação normal de perigo de incêndios e a precipitação acumulada determinou os anos mais problemáticos. Os resultados aqui apresentados fornecerão informações para subsidiar a tomada de decisões de forma mais segura e confiável na prevenção das ocorrências de incêndios florestais no PESB e entorno, visto que contribuem com um melhor entendimento dos fatores que controlam as ocorrências de incêndios na região.

ABSTRACT Fire is one of the main problems of the Atlantic Rainforest biome, even in protected areas such as Protected Areas (PAs or UC, in Portuguese). Thus, the aim of this study was to know the profile of forest fires in the Serra do Brigadeiro State Park (PESB-MG) and surroundings, as well as their responses in environmental variations. For this, we analyzed the information of Fire Incident Report (FIR or ROI, in Portuguese) and their interrelations with the environmental PESB systems through the analysis of spatial plans (land use and land cover and topography) and temporal (climatological elements). According to the results, only 38% of the records showed the causes of fires, of these, 77% were identified as anthropic. Analyzing the burned area, there was the highest number of occurrences within the class III (4.1 - 40.0 ha). The herbaceous vegetation, because of their favorable characteristics, was hardest hit. The relief also influenced the events, slope, aspect and height participated significantly in the fire regime in the Park. The anthropic activity showed its influence to increase the size of the area burned in the vicinity of access routes. The climate controlled the temporal arrangement of events, where periods of lower Relative humidity of air, made the months of August and September as belonging to the normal fire season and accumulated rainfall determined the most problematic years. The results presented here provide information to support the making of more safe and reliable decisions in the prevention of forest fire occurrences in PESB and surroundings, as they contribute to a better understanding of the factors that control the fire occurrences in the region.